Statistics

From Teach And Discover Wiki

Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the natural and social sciences to the humanities, and to government and business.

Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called descriptive statistics. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called inferential statistics. Both descriptive and inferential statistics comprise applied statistics. There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the subject.

Contents 1 Course Outline 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Different Types of Data 1.3 Methods of Data Collection 1.4 Data Analysis 1.5 Displaying Data 1.6 Probability 1.7 Distributions 1.8 Continuous Distributions 1.9 Testing Statistical Hypothesis 1.10 Practice Problems

Course Outline

Introduction

1. What Is Statistics?
2. Subjects in Modern Statistics
3. Why Should I Learn Statistics?
4. What Do I need to Know to Learn Statistics?

Different Types of Data

1. Primary and Secondary Data
2. Quantitative and Qualitative Data

Methods of Data Collection

1. Experiments
2. Sample Surveys
3. Observational Studies

Data Analysis

1. Data Cleaning
2. Summary Statistics
3. Measures of center
4. Mean, Median, and Mode
5. Geometric Mean
6. Harmonic Mean
7. Relationships among Arithmetic, Geometric, and Harmonic Mean
8. Geometric Median
9. Measures of dispersion
10. Range of the Data
11. Quartiles and Quartile Range
12. Variance and Standard Deviation

Displaying Data

1. Displaying Data
2. Bar Charts
3. Comparative Bar Charts
4. Histograms
5. Scatter Plots
6. Box Plots
7. Pie Charts
8. Comparative Pie Charts
9. Pictograms
10. Line Graphs
11. Frequency Polygon

Probability

1. Introduction to Probability
2. Theoretical Probability
3. Experimental Probability
4. Geometric Probability
5. Bernoulli Trials
6. Introductory Bayesian Analysis

Distributions

1. Discrete Distributions
2. Bernoulli Distribution
3. Binomial Distribution
4. Poisson Distribution
5. Geometric Distribution
6. Negative Binomial Distribution

Continuous Distributions

1. Uniform Distribution
2. Exponential Distribution
3. Gamma Distribution
4. Normal Distribution
5. Chi-Square Distribution
6. Student-t Distribution
7. F Distribution

Testing Statistical Hypothesis

1. Purpose of Statistical Tests
2. Different Types of Tests
3. z Test for a Single Mean
4. z Test for Two Means
5. t Test for a single mean
6. t Test for Two Means
7. One-Way ANOVA F Test
8. z Test for a Single Proportion
9. z Test for Two Proportions
10. Spearman's Rank Coëfficient
11. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coëfficient
12. Chi-Squared Tests
13. Approximations of distributions

Practice Problems

1. Summary Statistics Problems
2. Data-Display Problems
3. Distributions Problems
4. Data-Testing Problems

Reference this website:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Statistics