A universe of Four Spatial Dimensions

Chapter One

A Universe of

Four Spatial Dimensions

Discussing the geometric properties of a universe consisting of only four *spatial* dimensions is not possible until we have an understanding of the causality of force.

Therefore, we will begin our discussion not by defining space but by defining the processes and mechanisms responsible for generating forces in terms of the geometry of four spatial dimensions.

"Shadows" postulates a volume of space is composed of a continuous non-quantized "field" of mass and energy.

It will be shown interactions between a continuous non-quantized matter and energy field component of space and four *spatial* dimensions is responsible for the casualty all forces found in nature.

Additionally, in Chapter two, the quantum properties mass and energy will be derived in terms of integral energies associated with resonant "structures" formed in space by "vibrations" in a continuous non-quantized matter and energy field component of space.

The formation of these resonant "structures" will be derived in terms of the equation E=mc^2.

These resonant "structures" will be called a mattercule or "quantum mass unit of space".

(The justification for using the equation of E=mc^2 to define "vibrations" in a continuous non-quantized mass or matter and energy field component of space is based on the fact that it has been experimentally confirmed to define the physical relationship between mass and energy.)

There are four types of fields associated with a continuous non-quantized matter and energy field component of space, a positive and negative matterfield and a positive and negative energyfield.

The combination of matter and energy form matterenergy.

Most are familiar with three out of four of the fields that define the geometric structure of the universe.

Mass and the attractive force of gravity are associated with a positive matterfield component of space while positive and negative electrical charges are associated with a positive and negative energyfield component of space.

However, some may not be familiar with force associated with a negative matterfield component of space. It will be shown latter this field is related to a mass component of anti-particles. Additionally it will be shown the negative matterfield component of space is not associated with anti-gravity.

(The physical mechanism responsible for a negative matterfield component of space and the mass associated with the anti particle called the positron will be developed in Chapter twenty-one.)

All the forces of nature can be derived in terms of a geometric distortion or "displacement* in a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth spatial dimension.

It will be shown the gravitational or attractive forces associated with mass or a positive matterfield component of space is generated by a "depression" in a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension. This "depression" is caused by a "rotational spin" with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension of a matterfield component of space, while the forces

associated with anti-particles or a negative matterfield component of space will be