The Causality of Quantum Mechanics

Chapter Three

Electromagnetic Energy

and Four Spatial Dimensions

Chapter one postulated space is composed of a continuous non-quantized field of mass and energy. It can and will be shown electromagnetic energy is propagated by a matterenergy wave which is made up of a continuous non-quantized "field" of mass and energy "moving" on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimensions.

The mechanism responsible for the transmission of Electromagnetic Energy by a matterenergy wave on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth spatial dimension is similar to the mechanism that allows energy to be transmitted by a wave on the surface of water.

The trough of a wave on water displaces the vertical volume of water occupied by the water with air. The volume of air represents the energy associated with the energy of the displace water. Similarly, the peak of a wave displaces the air above the surface of the water with water. This displaced air represents the volume of air associated with the energy of the water.

The trough of a matterenergy wave on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold would "displace" a continuous non-quantized mass component of space "below" a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension with a component of a fourth spatial dimension.

The peak of a matterenergy wave on "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold would "displace" a component of a fourth spatial dimension "above" a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension with a component of three-dimensional space.

Chapter Ten will derive all forms of energy in terms of a "displacement" in a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension.

Therefore, because Chapter ten showed "displacements" in a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension are the causality of energy, the "displacements" in a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension caused the passage of a matterenergy wave on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold will transmit energy on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension.

(Later, in Chapter twenty-four, the mechanisms responsible for the structure of Maxwell's equations defining electromagnetic energy will be derived in terms of a matterenergy wave on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension.)

Chapter two defined a fundamental quantum particle or "quantum mass unit of space" in terms of resonant "structures" formed in a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension by "vibrations" in a continuous non-quantized field of mass and energy. Additionally it was shown the "velocity" of interaction of the continuous non-quantized mass and energy field components internal to all fundamental quantum particles is identical.

It will be shown a matterenergy wave is transmitted by the coupling of "vibrations" of the continuous non-quantized mass and energy field components from one fundamental quantum particle to the next. Therefore, the velocity of light in a vacuum will be constant because as was shown in Chapter two the velocity of interaction of the continuous non-quantized mass and energy components of a fundamental quantum particle is constant and equal to the velocity of light.

However, because a matterenergy wave responsible for electromagnetic energy is propagated through space by the coupling of "vibrations" in a continuous non-quantized mass and energy field components of one fundamental quantum particle or "quantum mass unit of space" to the next, its velocity will be effected by the density of the space it is transversing.